Bear: Bear is one who expects a decline in prices. The Bear trader is is the opposite of a Bull trader. A Bear (bearish trader) expect to profit on declining price. A news item is considered bearish if it is expected to result in lower prices.
Bear Market: Bear Market is a market in which prices generally are declining over a longer period of time. bear market is opposite of bull market. A market participant who believes prices will move lower is called a "bear."A news item is considered bearish if it is expected to result in lower prices. Bear market is usually called as Bearish market.
Rally: Rally is an upward movement of prices.
Ring: Ring is a circular area on the trading floor of an exchange where traders and brokers stand while executing futures trades. Some exchanges use pits rather than rings.
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Naked options trading is very risky - many people lose money trading them. It is recommended contacting your broker or investment professional to find out about trading risk and margin requirements before getting involved into trading uncovered options.